The CSC – IT Center for Science has updated its data, providing more APC data for Finnish HEIs.
The CSC is a non-profit government enterprise which provides IT support and services to Finnish academia and research institutes. It operates VIRTA, a centralized service tasked with collecting publication data from HEIs. VIRTA may also optionally collect cost data on OA publishing (APCs and BPCs), this data is made available to OpenAPC where permission was granted by the data providers.
Contact Person for the CSC is Ville Hämäläinen.
Cost data
The updated data set provided by the CSC covers publication fees for 4,550 articles published between 2013 and 2025, replacing the previous CSC data. Total expenditure amounts to 8,873,573€ and the average fee is 1,950€.
| Articles | Fees paid in EURO | Mean Fee paid | |
|---|---|---|---|
| MDPI AG | 981 | 1567852 | 1598 |
| Elsevier BV | 643 | 1041444 | 1620 |
| Springer Nature | 617 | 1525077 | 2472 |
| Frontiers Media SA | 471 | 996308 | 2115 |
| Informa UK Limited | 239 | 548223 | 2294 |
| Institute of Electrical & Electronics Engineers (IEEE) | 174 | 259559 | 1492 |
| Wiley-Blackwell | 139 | 361872 | 2603 |
| American Physical Society (APS) | 86 | 199133 | 2316 |
| Copernicus GmbH | 82 | 136021 | 1659 |
| Oxford University Press (OUP) | 78 | 211018 | 2705 |
| Public Library of Science (PLoS) | 77 | 149787 | 1945 |
| IOP Publishing | 66 | 131166 | 1987 |
| American Chemical Society (ACS) | 59 | 195529 | 3314 |
| SAGE Publications | 58 | 83265 | 1436 |
| JMIR Publications Inc. | 47 | 108087 | 2300 |
| Walter de Gruyter GmbH | 42 | 67910 | 1617 |
| AIP Publishing | 40 | 103173 | 2579 |
| Optica Publishing Group | 40 | 78937 | 1973 |
| Cambridge University Press (CUP) | 34 | 81171 | 2387 |
| BMJ | 28 | 71102 | 2539 |
| BioResources | 26 | 34038 | 1309 |
| American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) | 24 | 81042 | 3377 |
| The Royal Society | 24 | 45915 | 1913 |
| Finnish Society of Forest Science | 23 | 20211 | 879 |
| Acoustical Society of America (ASA) | 22 | 46057 | 2094 |
| American Society for Microbiology | 22 | 56805 | 2582 |
| Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) | 20 | 19034 | 952 |
| Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) | 17 | 59470 | 3498 |
| Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) | 17 | 20318 | 1195 |
| Audio Engineering Society | 15 | 14990 | 999 |
| Ubiquity Press, Ltd. | 10 | 9605 | 960 |
| Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences | 9 | 30364 | 3374 |
| Brill | 8 | 16526 | 2066 |
| American Astronomical Society | 7 | 19070 | 2724 |
| American Geophysical Union (AGU) | 7 | 15213 | 2173 |
| Canadian Science Publishing | 7 | 23961 | 3423 |
| EDP Sciences | 7 | 7305 | 1044 |
| IWA Publishing | 7 | 13656 | 1951 |
| Pensoft Publishers | 7 | 7779 | 1111 |
| American Physiological Society | 6 | 20106 | 3351 |
| Det Kgl. Bibliotek/Royal Danish Library | 6 | 2815 | 469 |
| Mary Ann Liebert Inc | 6 | 19424 | 3237 |
| Stockholm University Press | 6 | 3930 | 655 |
| American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) | 5 | 9654 | 1931 |
| Bristol University Press | 5 | 8920 | 1784 |
| eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd | 5 | 13431 | 2686 |
| Human Kinetics | 5 | 12376 | 2475 |
| International Association of Online Engineering (IAOE) | 5 | 2650 | 530 |
| MIT Press | 5 | 8278 | 1656 |
| Society for Neuroscience | 5 | 21359 | 4272 |
| Termedia Sp. z.o.o. | 5 | 2600 | 520 |
| Virtus Interpress | 5 | 2780 | 556 |
| AOSIS | 4 | 3454 | 864 |
| Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO) | 4 | 7059 | 1765 |
| Emerald | 4 | 11213 | 2803 |
| Institute of Mathematical Statistics | 4 | 2887 | 722 |
| Intellect | 4 | 5798 | 1450 |
| IOS Press | 4 | 2120 | 530 |
| MIT Press - Journals | 4 | 5179 | 1295 |
| MyJove Corporation | 4 | 13707 | 3427 |
| Open Access Publishing Group | 4 | 305 | 76 |
| Scientific Research Publishing, Inc. | 4 | 1458 | 364 |
| SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng | 4 | 5252 | 1313 |
| American Dairy Science Association | 3 | 5465 | 1822 |
| Cappelen Damm AS - Cappelen Damm Akademisk | 3 | 1395 | 465 |
| Cogitatio | 3 | 2900 | 967 |
| Georg Thieme Verlag KG | 3 | 8540 | 2847 |
| Inderscience Publishers | 3 | 6471 | 2157 |
| Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS) | 3 | 8577 | 2859 |
| Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET) | 3 | 5968 | 1989 |
| Ponteditora | 3 | 6000 | 2000 |
| Society for Industrial & Applied Mathematics (SIAM) | 3 | 8199 | 2733 |
| The Company of Biologists | 3 | 11326 | 3775 |
| American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) | 2 | 9193 | 4596 |
| American Institute of Mathematical Sciences (AIMS) | 2 | 3468 | 1734 |
| American Medical Association (AMA) | 2 | 5693 | 2846 |
| American Society for Clinical Investigation | 2 | 5687 | 2844 |
| American Society for Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics (ASPET) | 2 | 3877 | 1938 |
| American Vacuum Society | 2 | 4036 | 2018 |
| Berghahn Books | 2 | 2340 | 1170 |
| BioScientifica | 2 | 4664 | 2332 |
| Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press | 2 | 6748 | 3374 |
| Daugavpils University | 2 | 125 | 62 |
| EARLI | 2 | 400 | 200 |
| F1000 Research, Ltd. | 2 | 2558 | 1279 |
| Hapres | 2 | 1474 | 737 |
| Informing Science Institute | 2 | 130 | 65 |
| Inter-Research Science Center | 2 | 4732 | 2366 |
| lnternational Electronic Journal of Elementary Education | 2 | 661 | 330 |
| MIS Quarterly | 2 | 7355 | 3678 |
| National Taiwan University of Science and Technology | 2 | 1774 | 887 |
| PeerJ | 2 | 3015 | 1508 |
| Praise Worthy Prize | 2 | 2000 | 1000 |
| Research Trends, Ltd. | 2 | 873 | 436 |
| Resilience Alliance, Inc. | 2 | 2574 | 1287 |
| Science Publishing Group | 2 | 2228 | 1114 |
| sPage.direcT | 2 | 1504 | 752 |
| The Endocrine Society | 2 | 3681 | 1840 |
| University of California Press | 2 | 2413 | 1206 |
| University of Chicago Press | 2 | 4848 | 2424 |
| University of Uludag | 2 | 3650 | 1825 |
| American Psychological Association (APA) | 1 | 2731 | 2731 |
| American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers (ASABE) | 1 | 1220 | 1220 |
| American Society of Hematology | 1 | 2904 | 2904 |
| American Society of Neuroradiology (ASNR) | 1 | 692 | 692 |
| American Speech Language Hearing Association | 1 | 1812 | 1812 |
| ASTES Journal | 1 | 350 | 350 |
| Austin Publishing Group | 1 | 1046 | 1046 |
| Bastas Publications | 1 | 620 | 620 |
| Boffin Access | 1 | 1200 | 1200 |
| CAD Solutions, LLC | 1 | 300 | 300 |
| Caltech Library | 1 | 1195 | 1195 |
| Center for Transportation Studies | 1 | 951 | 951 |
| Common Ground Research Networks | 1 | 233 | 233 |
| Computers, Materials and Continua (Tech Science Press) | 1 | 1190 | 1190 |
| Consulting and Training Center Key | 1 | 100 | 100 |
| Creative Publishing House | 1 | 931 | 931 |
| De Gruyter | 1 | 1190 | 1190 |
| Dewspublication | 1 | 467 | 467 |
| e-Century Publishing Corporation | 1 | 1718 | 1718 |
| Edinburgh University Press | 1 | 1110 | 1110 |
| Edward Elgar Publishing | 1 | 2086 | 2086 |
| Engineering and Technology Publishing | 1 | 510 | 510 |
| European Respiratory Society (ERS) | 1 | 545 | 545 |
| Forest Products Society | 1 | 1500 | 1500 |
| Geological Society of London | 1 | 2880 | 2880 |
| Hilaris | 1 | 620 | 620 |
| Hipatia Press | 1 | 600 | 600 |
| Horizon Research Publishing | 1 | 403 | 403 |
| IGI Global | 1 | 2300 | 2300 |
| International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures | 1 | 400 | 400 |
| International Journal of Technology | 1 | 480 | 480 |
| International Society for Gerontechnology (ISG) | 1 | 600 | 600 |
| International Society of Musculoskeletal and Neuronal Interactions | 1 | 250 | 250 |
| International Union of Crystallography (IUCr) | 1 | 2184 | 2184 |
| Iris Publishers LLC | 1 | 199 | 199 |
| ISEKI Food Association | 1 | 400 | 400 |
| JVE International Ltd. | 1 | 500 | 500 |
| Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology | 1 | 574 | 574 |
| Krakow Polish Physiological Society | 1 | 550 | 550 |
| Lexxion Verlag | 1 | 1488 | 1488 |
| MedCrave Group Kft. | 1 | 703 | 703 |
| Medwin Publishers | 1 | 1216 | 1216 |
| Mineralogical Society | 1 | 2643 | 2643 |
| Modestum Limited | 1 | 914 | 914 |
| Mohr Siebeck | 1 | 902 | 902 |
| Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine | 1 | 820 | 820 |
| North American Business Press | 1 | 500 | 500 |
| Pacini Editore | 1 | 300 | 300 |
| PAGEPress Publications | 1 | 416 | 416 |
| Philosophy Documentation Center | 1 | 1197 | 1197 |
| Polish Academy of Sciences Chancellery | 1 | 276 | 276 |
| Politechnika Wroclawska Oficyna Wydawnicza | 1 | 300 | 300 |
| Project MUSE | 1 | 2842 | 2842 |
| Rede Academica das Ciencias da Saude da Lusofonia | 1 | 2000 | 2000 |
| REF Press | 1 | 430 | 430 |
| Rockefeller University Press | 1 | 2352 | 2352 |
| Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health | 1 | 3137 | 3137 |
| Scandinavian University Press | 1 | 1658 | 1658 |
| Scholar Publishing | 1 | 179 | 179 |
| Schweizerbart | 1 | 1490 | 1490 |
| Scientific Press International Limited | 1 | 200 | 200 |
| Taiwan Association for Aerosol Research | 1 | 497 | 497 |
| The Grassroots Institute | 1 | 277 | 277 |
| Thomas Telford Ltd. | 1 | 2132 | 2132 |
| University of Borås | 1 | 150 | 150 |
| University of Georgia | 1 | 340 | 340 |
| University of Ostrava | 1 | 100 | 100 |
| University of Pitesti | 1 | 120 | 120 |
| University of Toronto Press Inc. (UTPress) | 1 | 1841 | 1841 |
| Vilnius Gediminas Technical University | 1 | 702 | 702 |
| World Scientific and Engineering Academy and Society (WSEAS) | 1 | 620 | 620 |
Overview
A detailed analysis of the contributed data provides the following overview:
Fees paid per publisher (in EURO)
Average costs per year (in EURO)
Average costs per publisher (in EURO)
